Metabolic Processes of Cancer Cells - 1770 Words

In healthy multicellular organisms, the majority of cells are exposed to a constant supply of nutrients. When this supply exceeds the nutrient levels required for cell division, specialized regulatory systems prevent uncontrolled cellular proliferation. In other words, cells only take up nutrients from their environment upon stimulation by growth factors. By acquiring mutations that alter the receptor-initiated signaling pathways, cancer cells are able to overcome the growth factor dependence exhibited by normal cells. These oncogenic mutations promote the uptake of nutrients, particularly glucose, and lead to improved cell survival and growth [1,3]. The realization that cancerous cells have altered pathways of nutrient uptake and metabolism has brought renewed attention to the work of Otto Warburg, a physiologist, medical doctor, and Nobel laureate. In 1924, Otto Warburg discovered that regardless of oxygen availability, cancer cells display much higher rates of glycolysis than healthy cells. His research consisted of a series of experiments in which he compared the oxygen consumption and lactic acid production of cancerous and healthy cells. The findings demonstrated that although both cell types produced similar quantities of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), lactic acid production was significantly higher among the cancerous cells. This enhanced conversion of glucose to lactate in cancer cells became known as the Warburg Effect. In normal differentiating cells, most ofShow MoreRelatedThe Pathway Of Cancer Cells Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesCancer cells are characterized by unlimited cell growth, inefficient apoptosis and excessive anabolism. The process of becoming cancer cells includes gene activation, micro-environmental changes and metabolic reprogramming. 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The Giver Free Essays

The Giver – Summary The Giver This book is about a boy names Jonas. Jonas lives in a futuristic society where there is no pain, fear, war, and hatred. There is also no prejudice, since everyone looks and acts basically the same, there is very little competition. We will write a custom essay sample on The Giver or any similar topic only for you Order Now They have also eliminated choice. You have to apply for a spouse. You cannot just chose who you want and marry them, the community does it for you. His dad works as a Nurturer of new children, and his mom works at the Department of Justice. He also has a little sister named Lilly†¦. [tags: essays research papers]559 words (1. 6 pages)$9. 95 [preview] The Giver – The Giver: Book Report The story starts as Jonas, a twelve- year-old boy, who is waiting for his life assignment. When he is given his assignment, he is chosen to be the Receiver of Memory. As the Receiver he has to get every memory from all over the world from the old Receiver he calls The Giver. The Giver: The Giver is the man who is the old Receiver. He is also the one who gives Jonas the memories. In the community were Jonas lives is everything is controlled, even people’s memory. The Giver is the only one who is not controlled†¦. [tags: essays research papers]480 words (1. 4 pages)$9. 95 [preview] The Giver – Book Report – The Giver The Giver by Louis Lowry was published in 1993. I did not choose this book it was recommended to me I classify this book as an inner adventure. As in Jonas goes through an emotional metamorphosis (if you will) Jonas lives in a community where pain, rudeness, and war are non-existent. All children undergoes a ceremony in December every year until they reach twelve years of age, at which point they receive their Assignments, the jobs they will perform as adults. A committee of Elders carefully watches each child in order to determine which adult occupation best suits his or her talents and interests†¦. tags: essays research papers]1057 words (3 pages)$19. 95 [preview] The Giver – The book The Giver by Louis Lowry is a very interesting book that everyone should take time to read. This book takes you through a community of people where everything has to be perfect. The story line is based around a boy named Jonas. Everyone in the community is assigned a job when they turn twelve and its Jonas turn to step up and get his job. This book is interesting because everything has to be perfect, Jonas gets the best job, and the adventure Jonas has to go through to save a new born child named Gabriel†¦. tags: essays research papers]400 words (1. 1 pages)FREE Essays [view] The Giver – The Giver Essay Have you ever felt like starting all over again. Many people would like to have the opportunity to make a new beginning. In the book, The Giver, by Lois Lowry, Jonas is making a new beginning by making an end. Jonas is making an end by leaving the community. He leaves with Gabriel because he wants to experience true things outside the community. He was very hurt in the community because he could not share his feelings. He wanted to be able to share and experience his feelings with other people†¦. tags: essays research papers]383 words (1. 1 pages)FREE Essays [view] The Giver – He was a peaceful looking man, with a large round belly and rosy red cheeks. Jonas couldn’t help but smile as he stared at the gentle looking figure. The man looked down at the freezing pair. He noticed Jonas’ trembling blue lips and the tiny shaking bundle of blanket that was Gabriel. The man immediately invited Jonas into his home and screamed for his wife to grab blankets and hot chocolate. Jonas sat shyly bundled in blankets as all of the strangers around him whispered to each other about him and Gabe†¦. tags: essays research papers]806 words (2. 3 pages)FREE Essays [view] Lois Lowry’s The Giver – Lois Lowry’s The Giver There is a lot of controversy on why the book â€Å"The Giver† was named â€Å"The Giver†. Many different views are expressed in the piece which gives many different reasons for the name. The book was entitled The Giver because this person is the one who transmits memories to the Receiver-in-training so that the memories can be passed on to the generations†¦. [tags: Louis Lowry Giver]970 words (2. 8 pages)FREE Essays [view] What is a Ring-giver? – What is a Ring-giver. Those who’ve been asked for the definition of a ring-giver have answered with a dumbfounded facial expression, â€Å"Does it have anything to do with the movie Lord of the Rings? † Or others might simply think that the word â€Å"ring-giver† basically means a person who gives out rings. This word can be considered a vague term because it might sound like it has one implication, but in fact, it actually has a deeper meaning. During the Anglo-Saxon period, the word â€Å"ring-giver† is also labeled as a kenning, which is an extended metaphor†¦. [tags: Definition Ring Giver Essays]587 words (1. 7 pages)FREE Essays [view] The Giver by Lois Lowry – The giver is written from the point of view of Jonas, an eleven-year-old boy living in a futuristic society that has eliminated all pain, fear, war, and hatred. There is no prejudice, since everyone looks and acts basically the same, and there is very little competition. Everyone is unfailingly polite. The society has also eliminated choice: at age twelve every member of the community is assigned a job based on his or her abilities and interests. Citizens can apply for and be assigned compatible spouses, and each couple is assigned exactly two children each†¦. [tags: Lois Lowry Giver]1105 words (3. pages)$19. 95 [preview] The Giver by Lois Lowry – In many works of literature, a character has a significant influence on another character. Lois Lowry demonstrated this concept in The Giver. When one of the main characters in the novel passed on a positive influence to another character. In this work, the people lived in a community that was de signed to be nearly flawless. No person could see color, feel neither hatred nor love; no one had a choice in either occupation or education. In this novel, children were assigned to a family when they were young and were raised by two parents†¦. [tags: Lois Lowry Giver] How to cite The Giver, Essay examples The Giver Free Essays Creating an Acrostic Poem In this lesson, you will create an impressive acrostic poem. You will use your Intel-based MacBook, or iMac, (or other Macintosh computer running OSX 10. 5 or higher), and the preloaded software to complete the project. We will write a custom essay sample on The Giver or any similar topic only for you Order Now Images are provided to help you along the way, and there is a sample poem on the last page of this lesson. Try to follow the steps in the activity as closely as you can, but once you have a feel for the way the software works, feel free to elaborate in order to personalize your poem and further develop your computer skills. Here is a list of the tools you’ll use: HardwareSoftware ComputerMS Office-Word iSight CameraDashboard Widget-Dictionary/Thesaurus PrinterPhotoBooth, iPhoto (optional) Procedure: Setting Up the Document 1. Open MS Word application. Look for the icon in the Dock. If you can’t find it there, open a New Finder Window, then click on Applications, then scoll down to MicroSoft Office 2004 or Office X, then open (or expand) that folder to show the icon. Double-click on it to open the application. 2. Pull down the File menu to New Blank Document, or, in the Project Gallery, click Word Document, then click Done. . Type the title of the poem (name of the person, animal, item) on the first line of the page, ideally with all capital letters. 4. Press the return key two or three times to leave some space between the title and the first line of the poem. 5. Now type the same word vertically, down the left side of the page, again in all captial letters, pressing the return key after e ach letter, so that each letter is on its own line. Don’t worry about the appearance being rather dull at this point. The first task is to get the structure down. 6. Save your document. Some students may remark that they â€Å"†¦have not finished yet†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is a good opportunity to remind ourselves that we should be saving our work early on in the process, and then repeatedly as the document grows. Pull down the File menu to Save†¦ A ‘sheet’ will appear at the top of your window. The one shown here shows that the document will be saved as: HENRY. doc on the Desktop. (You may elect to have your students save their work with a more specific name, and in another location. ) Click Save. Using the Dashboard Widget – Dictionary/Thesaurus 7. Click on the Dashboard icon in the Dock. 8. The dictionary widget may already be present on your desktop, but if it is not, click on the plus sign (in the circle in the lower left corner of the screen), and other widgets that are available will appear. 9. Click on the dictionary widget (it also includes the thesaurus). The widget will appear. You can drag it anywhere you like. Click on the Thesaurus button at the top of the widget, then type in a word you want to find synonyms for. Let’s say, for example, that you want to find a word that means ‘friendly’, but you don’t have an â€Å"F† in your name. Type the word friendly in, and then look for a word that starts with the letter you need. 0. Once you have found the word, click on the Word icon in the Dock to return to your acrostic poem. Type your word on the line that beings with its first letter. Repeat this process until you have filled in all the lines of your poem. Remember to continue to save your work by pulling down the File menu to Save, or by holding down the Apple key and pressing S. (? +S). Using the PhotoBooth Application to Take a Picture 11. Click on the Finder icon. If a Finder window does not appear, pull down the File menu to New Finder Window (? +N). 12. Click on Applications, then scroll down to PhotoBooth. Double-click on the PhotoBooth icon to open it. 3. Adjust your seated, (or for small students, your standing position) in front of the computer. You may also be able to adjust the tilt of the iMac or MacBook screen to change the angle. Get close to the camera so your image is large. 14. If you want a standard photo, just click the camera icon below your image, then smile and wait for the 3-2-1 countdown. If you don’t like the result, simply click on the x in the corner of the little image (which deletes it), and then take another. If you want an ef fect in your image, click on the 1 or 2 next to Effects, click on the effect you want to try, and then click the camera to shoot. Here are a few samples of the types of effects you can use: Once you are happy with the photo taken, you can simply drag and drop (with your mouse) the mini-photo from PhotoBooth onto the Word page. 15. There are several places you can store the photos you’ve taken: a. You can move them to iPhoto, and then create albums to organize them. b. You can save them to a folder on the desktop, or to a USB drive, or to a server folder. To locate the PhotoBooth images you’ve taken in the Finder, click File, Reveal in Finder. There you can rename the files and copy them to one of the storage locations mentioned above. 16. Once the photos are saved, you can insert them in the Word document in many ways as well. a. You can copy/paste them in from iPhoto, or drag/drop them from iPhoto, if you had saved them there. b. You can drag the photo into Word just by dragging the icon onto the Word page. c. You can pull down the Insert menu in Word to Picture, From File†¦ and then navigate to the location where you saved the photos. Once you see it, click Insert. Do not worry that that photo ends up in the middle of a sentence. Wherever the photo ends up, just double-click on it. 17. Once you have double-clicked on the photo, the Format Picture dialog box will appear. Click on Layout, then Square, then OK. 18. Handles will appear in the corners of the photo. Click and hold the mouse button down and a square with arrows in the diagonal corners will appear. Drag inward to resize the photo down. (You can always resize the photo later, if necessary. ) Repeat the process if more than one photo is desired. Leave space so that you can enlarge the text of the poem. If the poems are exprected to be posted on a bulletin board, make sure the text is at least size 36-48, with an even larger title, so they can be read easily from a distance. Modifying the Text 19. Select the text. Then, using the Formatting Palette, change the size, and font of the text. If you don’t see the palette, pull down the View menu to Formatting Palette. (Tip: If you want to select a single word, just double-click on it. If you want to select an entire line, triple-click on it). Finishing Up 20. Adjust the size of your photo(s) to have a good balance between the size of the text and the photo. Be sure there is enough white space on your page. Having a page that is too crowded is unappealing. 21. Change the color of the title text. 22. Change the color of the first letter to match the color used in the title text. 23. Using the formatting palette in Word, you can add a bordering line around the photo(s), and also a shadow, which helps the picture appear to be ‘lifted’ from the page. 24. Save your work. 25. Once your work is saved, feel free to make more changes until the page looks just right. 26. As an extension of this activity, and to give students opportunities to modify photos using iPhoto, the PhotoBooth photos can be sent to iPhoto and then edited. 27. A common task is to crop the photo, removing unwanted portions of the photo, or enlarge the image of the face, if the student was sitting too far from the computer when the photo was taken. California Reading/Language Arts Standards Included: Grade 3 Research? 1. 3 Understand the structure and organization of various reference materials (e. g. , dictionary, thesaurus, atlas, encyclopedia). Writing Applications 2. 2 Write descriptions that use concrete sensory details to present and support unified impressions of people, places, things, or experiences.? Capitalization? 1. 7 Capitalize geographical names, holidays, historical periods, and special events correctly. HENRY Healthy Easygoing Neighborly Reliable Youthful How to cite The Giver, Papers

Food and Nutrition Customs and Culture

Question: Discuss about the Food and Nutrition for Customs and Culture. Answer: Introduction: The present paper aims to put forward a personal health assessment guided by results of Wellness Inventory and the results of one-day food dairy as compared to recommendations of Eating Well with Canadas Food Guide. The paper is a reflection on my personal health practices. My name is Imran Khan, a 23 year old single student studying at Athabasca University. My hobbies and interests include automobile, sports, movies and music. My future plan includes a post graduation degree and a house of my own and a little savings to keep me afloat for the bad times. My family health history is fairly clean, with no issues of addiction or substance abuse, however my parental line has a history of high cholesterol and my paternal grandfather in fact had to undergo open heart surgery. However my periodic checkups are yet to find something to worry about. Wellness inventory: The wellness inventory score for my physical health and nutrition is 22, which is pretty good though I need to consider stretching into my daily exercise regimen. Another bad habit that I posses is not to drink enough water which had given me acne in my teenage. Though it pushed me to drink at least 6 glasses of water a day, I stopped doing as soon as I got better and the chances of developing the acne got reduced. I was at fault that I do not have the tendency to consume plenty of liquid. However, I suffered the ill effects when few months back I was diagnosed with urine infection and stared drinking a lot of water just when I got thirsty, though I cannot help thinking if that is the right way to hydrate your body. I scored a 46 in the safety section but I do have to work on my habit of exceeding speed limit. Nevertheless, I still am a good enough driver on the whole. Another area for my improvement is the tendency to be careless and have a causal approach while handling tools and equipments. On this note I should positively start using safety measures while handling dangerous equipment. For environmental wellness I scored 35 and subsequently my bad habits that need consideration include my habit to leave the water faucets running whenever I am brushing my teeth or shaving or even showering. This is because I have a silly habit of putting my hand in running water to either cool my hand in the summer or warm it up in winter. I know this is weird and wasting water is never a good thing and I have to put a stop to it. My social awareness score is pretty high at 45, with room for improvement in my involvement in community events. Although I realize that I have a responsibility of contributing towards the benefits of the society, I do not get enough time to participate in all activities aiming an improvement brought within the society. Hopefully, in the future I will give a little bit extra effort to take time out for attending community services. My score for sexual and emotional awareness is also quite high with 45, by the virtue of my loving and caring nature I feel that I possess. However in my early teenage years I had trouble in socially connecting and choosing the right companionship for myself. I either appeared too soft or too rude. However, with time, I learned to distinguish between good and bad and along the years I have made a number of really close friends who are nothing short of family to me. I scored 38 in emotional management which is not bad in my opinion, although I found some of the question to be pretty pointless. For example, I feel guilty while refusing someone or while facing failure to keep someones request. I think that a feeling of guilt is the reflection of sympathy and compassion, and I am undoubtedly proud of having those two attributes up my sleeve. I scored 47 in intellectual awareness. I have quick thinking capabilities and my IQ is high as well. The only thing that I have to work on is visiting museums and zoos more often. I should take out time to participate and enjoy concerts and plays as well; however I will admit that in am not much interested into artistic stuff, neither am I very attached to animals at all. I only occasionally attend museums and concerts if the mood strikes or there is something really interesting occurring that I should not miss. Although I am currently focusing just on my education fulltime, I do have had past work experiences. I scored 38 in occupational awareness which I think is quite fair. My problematic areas are stress and anxiety. I do tend to get worked up when I feel things are going out of control, although I keep my anxious reaction to myself and do not let it cloud my judgment or affect my performance. I got 47 in spiritual awareness for which the credit goes to my upbringing since my family is spiritually connected and I am quite aware of my spiritual and religious roots even after being brought up in a foreign country. I am attached to my faith, my culture and my customs and I take pride in it. I think spirituality is a decisive factor in the character and it reflects in the nature and behavior of the person. Dietary habits: As mentioned above I am attached to my customs and religion I am to admit that I have a strong preference for having traditional food prepared in my culture. In my opinion the middle-eastern cuisine is unique in its taste and the delicacies are surely mouth watering. The middle-eastern cuisine most generally contains four items, one main dish, one side dish coupled with pita bread and rice. The main course mainly consists of chicken, fish or any meat with substantial amount of delicious gravy made of oil, spices, yoghurt, cheese and milk. The side dish on the other hand is lighter and contains lesser oil and spices but tasty nonetheless. In dinner I eat both the dishes with pita bread and rice and at lunch sometimes I eat light and skip something. Some of my absolute favorites in middle-eastern cuisine include haleem and biriyani. Middle-eastern food pretty much comprises of all the ingredients that are generally required for a full albeit healthy diet and meets the daily nutritional requirement as well. It incorporates protein, carbohydrate, fat, fiber and vitamins in right proportions when cooked appropriately. Another characteristic feature of my familys eating habit is that we try to incorporate vegetables in almost every meal which makes up for the extra spice and oil in our dietary habits. However I have to point out that middle-eastern cuisine does not contain all the elements that are listed in the Canadian food guide but it is fairly close to the guidelines. As per the recommendations of the guide I think I probably do meet all the requirements based on my age and gender if it is looked upon too strictly. There surely are a few elements that we tend to miss while sticking to the middle-eastern cuisine. However I try to make up for it as much as possible, for example, I have decided to incorporate more fruits and vegetables in my dietary plan, and will attempt to eat raw fruits and fruit juice more often than what I did until recently. The routine blood tests and other checkups tell me that my vitamin levels are in checks though I have slightly low vitamin D levels. However the doctor prescribed me vitamin D supplements which will address the issue gradually. Vitamin D deficiency can cause various bone and teeth problems like mineralization, frequent bone injury, misshapenness, joint pain and muscle pain. In case of extreme vitamin D deficiency the condition can lead to elevated plasma calcium levels, excessive thirst, head ache, nausea, and ruptured arteries and kidney stone formation. With so many frightening consequences I will ensure I intake natural sources of vitamin D like fortified milk, eggs, sardines, liver and ample amount of exposure to sunlight along with my vitamin supplements so that my vitamin D levels increase before I can develop any of the consequences. I also suffer with an iron deficiency that can lead to clinical complications like anemia, fatigue and unnatural paleness in adults. In extreme cases of iron deficiency are known to lead to vomiting, abdominal pain, organ damage and bluish coloration of skin. The doctor informed me that my iron deficiency is most probably genetic and prescribed me iron supplements and also advised me to include red meat, fish, poultry, shellfish, legumes and dry fruits as they are natural sources of iron. Overall health evaluation: Every day the physical activities I undertake are enough to provide me the benefits of at least 150 minutes of aerobic exercise of moderate to high intensity. My cardio respiratory rate is stable at 140 minutes and my muscular strength came to be 120 minutes. However my muscular endurance went up to 130 and flexibility at 10, which is alarmingly low. I will have to incorporate balance in my vigorous intensity exercise to increase my flexibility considerably. I follow the same schedule for the weekdays; however on weekends my routine changes completely. On Weekends I like jog and attend gym sessions, and my gym practices differ from one another in Saturday and Sunday. For my free time I like to read or browse the internet or watch some television depending on the time available. On most of the weekdays I watch some television for 1 hour and from Friday to Sunday I increase it up to 2 o 3 hours. The time allotted to my internet browsing is quite similar as well. There is room for improvement of my lifestyle choices. I can and should invest more on time physical fitness and diligently continue more cardio and muscular exercise given my hereditary susceptibility to high cholesterol. I should also incorporate more protein to address my deficiency issues and also include fruits and nuts. My inclination towards anxiety is also another of my concern which I plan to address by practicing meditation. Body measurements: My waist circumference is around 31-33 inches and my hips are around 30-32 inches, however, my body mass index (BMI) is 17.49 kg/m2 which are slightly less than the normal threshold. I consider myself to be on thinner side and have planned to hit the gym more to gain more muscle strength. Conclusion: On a concluding note, in this report I have tried to incorporate all different aspects of my physical and mental health and wellbeing. Along with that I have attempted to present a small insight of my identity, nature and future goals and ambitions to clarify the reasons and factor that contribute to my habits and choices. This has been a wonderful experience for me to reflect on my habits and my health in general which will help me improve my condition where there is need for it. References: Anglin, R. E., Samaan, Z., Walter, S. D., McDonald, S. D. (2013). Vitamin D deficiency and depresssion in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.The British journal of psychiatry,202(2), 100-107. Fieldhouse, P. (2013).Food and nutrition: customs and culture. Springer. Finch, C. A. (2012). Iron de?ciency.Am J Chrr Nurr,39. Hay, J., Maximova, K., Durksen, A., Carson, V., Rinaldi, R. L., Torrance, B., ... Boul, N. G. (2012). Physical activity intensity and cardiometabolic risk in youth.Archives of pediatrics adolescent medicine,166(11), 1022-1029. Herman, K. M., Hopman, W. M., Sabiston, C. M. (2015). Physical activity, screen time and self-rated health and mental health in Canadian adolescents.Preventive medicine,73, 112-116. Holick, M. F., Binkley, N. C., Bischoff-Ferrari, H. A., Gordon, C. M., Hanley, D. A., Heaney, R. P., ... Weaver, C. M. (2012). Guidelines for preventing and treating vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency revisited.The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism,97(4), 1153-1158. Hui, A., Back, L., Ludwig, S., Gardiner, P., Sevenhuysen, G., Dean, H., ... Murray, R. (2012). Lifestyle intervention on diet and exercise reduced excessive gestational weight gain in pregnant women under a randomised controlled trial.BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics Gynaecology,119(1), 70-77. Javanmard, H. (2012). The impact of spirituality on work performance.Indian journal of science and technology,5(1), 1961-1966. Jetten, J., Haslam, C., Alexander, S. H. (Eds.). (2012).The social cure: Identity, health and well-being. Psychology Press. Kitchen, P., Williams, A., Chowhan, J. (2012). Sense of community belonging and health in Canada: A regional analysis.Social Indicators Research,107(1), 103-126. Manning, L. K. (2013). Navigating hardships in old age: Exploring the relationship between spirituality and resilience in later life.Qualitative Health Research,23(4), 568-575. Musaiger, A. O., Al-Hazzaa, H. M. (2012). Prevalence and risk factors associated with nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean region.Int J Gen Med,5, 199-217. Sizer, F. S., Pich, L. A., Whitney, E. N., Whitney, E. (2012).Nutrition: concepts and controversies. Cengage Learning. www.csep.ca. (2017). Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.csep.ca/CMFiles/Guidelines/CSEP_PAGuidelines_adults_en.pdf www.hc-sc.gc.ca. (2017). Retrieved 30 March 2017, from https://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/alt_formats/hpfb-dgpsa/pdf/food-guide-aliment/print_eatwell_bienmang-eng.pdf